President Barack Obama touching the coffin of Shimon Peres after speaking during his funeral at Jerusalem’s Mount Herzl national cemetery, Sept. 30, 2016. (Abir Sultan/AFP/Getty Images)

JERUSALEM (JTA) – Israeli and world leaders gathered atop Mount Herzl Friday to say goodbye to Shimon Peres, Israel’s last founding father.

In addition to fond personal recollections, many of those who took the stage alongside Peres’ Israeli-flag-draped coffin offered their visions of the peace that eluded the former president and prime minister. Peres died early Wednesday at the age of 93 after being hospitalized for a major stroke.

President Barack Obama, the last of the 10 speakers on the day, called Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas’ presence in the front row “a gesture and a reminder of the unfinished business of peace.”

“[Peres] believed the Zionist idea would be best protected when Palestinians too had a state of their own,” Obama said. “The region is going through a chaotic time. Threats are ever-present. And yet, he did not stop dreaming and he did not stop working. … Now the work of peace-making is in the hands of Israel’s next generation and its friends.”

Before the funeral ceremony began, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and Abbas shook hands beneath jumbos screens flashing photos of Peres over the years. The two leaders have not formally met since 2010, during the last failed round of U.S.-brokered peace talks.

“It’s been a long time since we last met,” Abbas reportedly told Netanyahu.

“I very much appreciate that you came to the funeral,” Netanyahu replied.

But Abbas was not among the leaders Netanyahu greeted in his emotional eulogy for Peres, whom he described engaging in “nearly night-long discussions” about which came first — peace or security. Netanyahu thought security, Peres peace, he said.

“We were both right,” Netanyahu concluded. “Peace will not be achieved other than by permanently preserving our power. But power is not an end in itself. It is not the real power. It’s a means to an end. The goal is to ensure our national existence and coexistence.”

Peres was long a hawkish defender of Israeli security. He played a major role in establishing the country’s defense industry, nuclear deterrence and settlement enterprise. But he was among the first of Israel’s leaders to warn about the threat posed by continued control of the West Bank and became a leading advocate of territorial compromise for peace with the Palestinians. Only after his election as president in 2009 did Peres receive the kind of regard in Israel that he enjoyed internationally.

Among the estimated 4,000 mourners who gathered under a sprawling white tent at Israel’s national cemetery were dozens of foreign dignitaries, including France’s President Francois Hollande, Canada’s Prime Minister Justin Trudeau and Britain’s Prince Charles and former Prime Minister Tony Blair.

Israeli politicians attended from across the political spectrum. Yair Lapid, head of the center-left Yesh Atid party, arrived with left-wing Labor party Knesset member Shelly Yachimovich. Likud lawmaker Yehuda Glick, an advocate for Jewish prayer on the Temple Mount, came with a body guard. A Palestinian gunman nearly killed him in 2014.

Jewish billionaires and Israel backers Chaim Saban and Sheldon and Miriam Adelson of Nevada were also on hand.

Sheldon Adelson speaking with Army Radio by phone at the funeral of Shimon Peres at Mount Herzl national cemetery in Jerusalem, Sept. 30, 2016. (Andrew Tobin)

Former President Bill Clinton, who brokered the Olso Accords that Peres helped spearhead in an effort to make peace with the Palestinians, referenced John Lennon’s peace anthem “Imagine” in his eulogy.

“Shimon could imagine all the people living in the world in peace,” Clinton said. “In his honor I ask that we remember his luminous smile and imagine.”

Clinton was part of a 33-member strong American delegation, which included Secretary of State John Kerry but not his predecessor, Democratic presidential nominee Hillary Clinton, who some reports had said would attend. Security at the funeral and around Jerusalem was tight, with some 8,000 police officials guarding and closing streets.

Amos Oz, an esteemed Israeli writer and friend of Peres, argued in his remarks that a Palestinian state was the only option, saying there was “no choice but to divide this home into two apartments and turn it into a two-family house.”

“In their heart of hearts, all sides know this simple truth,” he said. “But where are the leaders with the courage to come forward to make it come to pass? Where are the heirs to Shimon Peres?”

With Rosh Hashanah, the Jewish New Year starting Sunday, David D’Or, a famous Israeli singer beloved by Peres, performed a rendition of the High Holiday prayer “Avinu Malkeinu.” Peres’ three children then took the stage one after the other.

Peres’ younger son, Chemi Peres, first spoke briefly about his father in English, saying, “He saw in all of you leaders, friends and partners in his quest for peace. We will treasure his memory and honor his legacy.”

Switching to Hebrew, he addressed his late father: “You kept your promise to your beloved grandfather, when you bid him farewell on your first stop on the way to the Land of Israel. You never forgot what it means to a Jew. And I promise you that neither will I.”

Notably absent from the funeral were Arab heads of state, though Foreign Minister Sameh Shoukry came from Egypt and Bahrain, Jordan and Oman were to send representatives. Arab Israeli leaders also skipped the event.

By way of explanation, Aymen Odeh, the head of the Joint List of Arab political parties in Israel, said on Army Radio Thursday, “I can tell you that it is complicated.” Odeh has told Israeli media that Arab Israelis view his legacy as mixed, noting his role in the 1970s in expanding settlements and his role in the 1990s pressing for a peace agreement.

After the funeral, which included military honors, Peres was buried between Yitzhak Rabin and Yitzhak Shamir, two former prime ministers with deeply conflicting views on peace and security, but both fierce rivals of Peres.

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