New research has found that political ideology isn’t a primary factor in determining whether someone might harbor antisemitic beliefs. In a recent study, published in the peer-reviewed journal Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, a research team found that antisemitic attitudes are most strongly associated with a “conspiracist view of the world, a desire to overturn the social order, and a preference for authoritarian forms of government.” 

The researchers, led by Kings’ College social scientist Dr. Daniel Allington, suggest that a desire to upend the social order is the strongest predictor for “Generalized Antisemitism,” an indicator the researchers defined to include some forms of anti-Zionism.

The team surveyed roughly 2,000 participants, and released their survey data alongside the code they used to generate the results. 

“It is neither the left nor the right per se that threatens Jews,” the researchers concluded, but rather those with “a conspiracist view of world affairs, as well as those who desire to overthrow the social order, and those attracted to the idea of installing or living under a totalitarian regime.”

This article was originally published on the Forward.